Space Exploration

161 reports
Space Exploration investigates how missions, spacecraft, launch systems, and human operations extend scientific work beyond Earth. Performance and scientific value are assessed through spacecraft engineering, mission operations, and planetary protection, with calibration and engineering limits shaping the usable evidence.

Evidence from space policy, human spaceflight, and launch systems supports a focused comparison. It examines where mission data are released and how exploration missions are selected, separating design goals from performance demonstrated in operation.

SpaceX Plans $100 Billion Starbase Louisiana for Starship Launches

SpaceX and Louisiana officials have announced a $100 billion investment to build Starbase Louisiana, a major new launch and manufacturing site designed to support thousands of Starship launches annually from the Gulf Coast.

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Ares Shield to Equip Lonestar Satellites With Microwave Defense Modules

Florida-based Lonestar Data Holdings has signed a contract with Polish startup Ares Shield to supply high-power microwave defense systems for its planned orbital data centers, aiming to counter satellite threats without generating space debris

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ISS Spacewalk Removes Failed Antenna but Leaves Replacement Unfinished

ESA astronaut Sophie Adenot and NASA astronaut Anil Menon spent over six hours outside the International Space Station on August 18, 2026, removing a malfunctioning antenna during a technically demanding extravehicular activity

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SpaceX to Retire Falcon 9 as Starship Nears Operational Status

SpaceX has announced plans to phase out its Falcon 9 rocket once the Starship launch system achieves reliable, frequent operations. The transition could reshape commercial launch access and mission planning for years ahead

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Skyloom Deploys 84 Optical Terminals for Secure Space-Based Networks

Skyloom Global, now part of IonQ, has installed 84 optical communication terminals in low-Earth orbit, supporting the U.S. Space Development Agency's secure mesh network for military data transfer and future quantum networking applications

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NASA Backs 18 Advanced Concepts for Future Space Missions

NASA has awarded funding to 18 early-stage technology proposals, supporting research into new mission concepts including lunar cave exploration, exoplanet imaging, and distributed probes for Saturn's rings

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China Delays Chang'e 7 Moon South Pole Launch Amid Severe Weather

China's Chang'e 7 lunar mission, designed to search for water ice near the Moon's south pole, has been postponed due to a tropical depression threatening the Hainan launch site. The new launch window remains uncertain

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Seventeen Spacecraft Reveal Asymmetric Structure in Solar Ejection

A coronal mass ejection observed in December 2024 was tracked by 17 spacecraft across the solar system, revealing an unexpected double-lobed structure with significant speed differences between its components

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X-15 Rocket Plane Sets 1963 Altitude Record Above Kármán Line

On August 22, 1963, the X-15 rocket plane piloted by Joe Walker reached an altitude exceeding 108 kilometers, providing rare data on hypersonic flight and spacecraft reusability during a pivotal era for space research

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NASA Prepares Astronaut Training for Commercial Space Station Era

NASA's Johnson Space Center is adapting its astronaut training and mission operations to support a transition from the International Space Station to a new generation of commercial space stations, with government and private industry working side by side

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Japan Prepares MMX Spacecraft for Mars Moon Sample Return Launch

Japan has revealed its MMX spacecraft, scheduled to launch on October 19, aiming to collect and return samples from Mars' moon Phobos. The mission will test new sample-return technology and address key questions about the origins of Mars' moons.

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NASA Artemis II Astronauts to Receive Congressional Space Medal of Honor

NASA's Artemis II crew, who completed a lunar flyby in April, will be awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor at Johnson Space Center, recognizing their role in advancing human spaceflight beyond low Earth orbit

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Study Finds Some Terrestrial Microbes Could Survive on the Moon

A new analysis suggests certain bacteria and fungi from Earth may persist in cryptobiotic states on the lunar surface, especially in shadowed polar regions, raising questions for future crewed missions and planetary protection

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China Prepares Chang'e 7 for Complex Lunar South Pole Mission

China's Chang'e 7 spacecraft, launching in August 2026, will deploy an orbiter, lander, rover, and hopper to investigate the Moon's south pole, targeting water ice and testing new navigation and international science payloads

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Mars Express Reveals Detailed 3D View of Schiaparelli Crater

ESA's Mars Express orbiter has produced a new high-resolution 3D visualization of Schiaparelli Crater and the Southern Highlands, offering fresh insight into ancient Martian water activity and surface evolution

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Satellite Data Guides Eclipse Cruise to Clear Skies in 2026

A Mediterranean eclipse cruise relied on real-time satellite weather data to avoid clouds and secure a clear view of the 2026 total solar eclipse, demonstrating the critical role of geostationary satellites in astronomical observation planning

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Voyager 2's Launch Opened the Outer Solar System to Exploration

NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft began its journey to the outer planets on August 20, 1977, using a rare planetary alignment to visit Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune and extend humanity's reach into interstellar space

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Richat Structure's Concentric Rings Imaged from the International Space Station

A new photograph from the International Space Station captures the Richat Structure, a 40-kilometer-wide geologic formation in Mauritania, revealing its striking concentric rings as seen from orbit

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Plasma Laundry Gun Tested for Astronaut Clothing on Long-Duration Missions

Researchers have developed a pen-sized plasma device to sterilize fabrics in space, offering a potential solution for cleaning astronaut clothing without water during extended missions beyond Earth orbit

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NASA Study Finds Human Microbes Could Survive in Moon's South Pole Shadows

A NASA-led study simulates lunar south polar conditions and finds that some common Earth microbes, including bacteria and fungi, could persist in shadowed lunar regions, raising new questions for planetary protection as human exploration expands

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Total Solar Eclipse Observed Over Greenland's Remote Fjords

A rare total solar eclipse was observed from the deck of a research vessel in East Greenland, offering scientists and eclipse chasers a unique view of totality above icebergs and glaciers under clear Arctic skies

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Agila-2 Launch Marks Philippines' Entry Into Satellite Operations

On August 19, 1997, the Philippines launched Agila-2 aboard a Long March 3B rocket, marking the nation's first domestically operated satellite and expanding regional communications coverage

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Five Essential Night Sky Targets for Binocular Astronomy

Astronomers highlight five celestial objects and regions that reveal striking detail through binoculars, from the Moon's shifting shadows to the Andromeda Galaxy's faint glow, offering accessible entry points for skywatchers of all experience levels

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How NASA Mechanics Maintain Spacecraft and Support Exploration

NASA relies on highly trained mechanics to keep spacecraft, launch vehicles, and support equipment operational. Their work spans aircraft, rockets, and heavy transporters, requiring specialized skills and rigorous certification.

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NASA Johnson Photographers Document Human Spaceflight Milestones

NASA's Johnson Space Center photography team has recorded decades of astronaut training, mission operations, and engineering tests, providing a visual record of human spaceflight and the people behind major missions using a range of imaging techniques

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Private Chinese Rocket Zhuque-3 Achieves First Landed Booster Recovery

LandSpace's Zhuque-3 rocket has become the first privately built Chinese orbital-class launcher to successfully land its first stage, marking a significant step for reusable launch technology in China

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SpaceX Starship Upper Stage Recovered Intact After Indian Ocean Splashdown

SpaceX's Starship Ship 40, which completed a controlled splashdown in the Indian Ocean after its July test flight, has been successfully towed to calmer waters near Christmas Island for engineering analysis

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ISS Spacewalk Removes Failed Antenna but Replacement Delayed

NASA astronaut Anil Menon and ESA's Sophie Adenot removed a nonfunctional antenna from the International Space Station during a six-hour spacewalk, but time constraints postponed installation of the replacement hardware

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Microgravity Slows Digestion for Astronauts on the ISS, Study Finds

A new analysis of blood samples from 52 astronauts aboard the International Space Station reveals that microgravity alters gut function, slowing digestion and changing microbial activity in ways not fully explained by diet alone

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Sophie Adenot Becomes First French Woman to Walk in Space

European Space Agency astronaut Sophie Adenot is set to conduct a 6.5-hour spacewalk outside the International Space Station, marking the first time a French woman has participated in an extravehicular activity

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