Space Policy and Safety

77 reports
Research on Space Policy and Safety examines the missions, hardware, operations, policy, and engineering needed for science beyond Earth. Performance and scientific value are assessed through orbital debris, planetary protection, and space resource policy, with calibration and engineering limits shaping the usable evidence.

Space law and launch licensing reveal where results converge and where they diverge. The comparison asks which laws govern space activity and how launches are licensed, separating design goals from performance demonstrated in operation.

SpaceX to Retire Falcon 9 as Starship Nears Operational Status

SpaceX has announced plans to phase out its Falcon 9 rocket once the Starship launch system achieves reliable, frequent operations. The transition could reshape commercial launch access and mission planning for years ahead

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Skyloom Deploys 84 Optical Terminals for Secure Space-Based Networks

Skyloom Global, now part of IonQ, has installed 84 optical communication terminals in low-Earth orbit, supporting the U.S. Space Development Agency's secure mesh network for military data transfer and future quantum networking applications

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Pluto's Planet Status Revisited as Astronomers Debate IAU Definition

Two decades after Pluto was reclassified as a dwarf planet, new observations and ongoing debate among planetary scientists are challenging the criteria that define what counts as a planet in our solar system

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China Delays Chang'e 7 Moon South Pole Launch Amid Severe Weather

China's Chang'e 7 lunar mission, designed to search for water ice near the Moon's south pole, has been postponed due to a tropical depression threatening the Hainan launch site. The new launch window remains uncertain

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Seventeen Spacecraft Reveal Asymmetric Structure in Solar Ejection

A coronal mass ejection observed in December 2024 was tracked by 17 spacecraft across the solar system, revealing an unexpected double-lobed structure with significant speed differences between its components

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X-15 Rocket Plane Sets 1963 Altitude Record Above Kármán Line

On August 22, 1963, the X-15 rocket plane piloted by Joe Walker reached an altitude exceeding 108 kilometers, providing rare data on hypersonic flight and spacecraft reusability during a pivotal era for space research

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NASA Prepares Astronaut Training for Commercial Space Station Era

NASA's Johnson Space Center is adapting its astronaut training and mission operations to support a transition from the International Space Station to a new generation of commercial space stations, with government and private industry working side by side

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NASA Artemis II Astronauts to Receive Congressional Space Medal of Honor

NASA's Artemis II crew, who completed a lunar flyby in April, will be awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor at Johnson Space Center, recognizing their role in advancing human spaceflight beyond low Earth orbit

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Study Finds Some Terrestrial Microbes Could Survive on the Moon

A new analysis suggests certain bacteria and fungi from Earth may persist in cryptobiotic states on the lunar surface, especially in shadowed polar regions, raising questions for future crewed missions and planetary protection

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Plasma Laundry Gun Tested for Astronaut Clothing on Long-Duration Missions

Researchers have developed a pen-sized plasma device to sterilize fabrics in space, offering a potential solution for cleaning astronaut clothing without water during extended missions beyond Earth orbit

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NASA Study Finds Human Microbes Could Survive in Moon's South Pole Shadows

A NASA-led study simulates lunar south polar conditions and finds that some common Earth microbes, including bacteria and fungi, could persist in shadowed lunar regions, raising new questions for planetary protection as human exploration expands

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Agila-2 Launch Marks Philippines' Entry Into Satellite Operations

On August 19, 1997, the Philippines launched Agila-2 aboard a Long March 3B rocket, marking the nation's first domestically operated satellite and expanding regional communications coverage

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How NASA Mechanics Maintain Spacecraft and Support Exploration

NASA relies on highly trained mechanics to keep spacecraft, launch vehicles, and support equipment operational. Their work spans aircraft, rockets, and heavy transporters, requiring specialized skills and rigorous certification.

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NASA Johnson Photographers Document Human Spaceflight Milestones

NASA's Johnson Space Center photography team has recorded decades of astronaut training, mission operations, and engineering tests, providing a visual record of human spaceflight and the people behind major missions using a range of imaging techniques

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Hydrogen-Powered Car Sets 406 km/h Land Speed Record in Utah

A hydrogen-fueled vehicle has achieved a new land speed record, reaching an average of 406 km/h during controlled runs at the Bonneville Salt Flats, demonstrating the potential of hydrogen combustion engines for high-performance applications

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SpaceX Starship Upper Stage Recovered Intact After Indian Ocean Splashdown

SpaceX's Starship Ship 40, which completed a controlled splashdown in the Indian Ocean after its July test flight, has been successfully towed to calmer waters near Christmas Island for engineering analysis

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ISS Spacewalk Removes Failed Antenna but Replacement Delayed

NASA astronaut Anil Menon and ESA's Sophie Adenot removed a nonfunctional antenna from the International Space Station during a six-hour spacewalk, but time constraints postponed installation of the replacement hardware

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Microgravity Slows Digestion for Astronauts on the ISS, Study Finds

A new analysis of blood samples from 52 astronauts aboard the International Space Station reveals that microgravity alters gut function, slowing digestion and changing microbial activity in ways not fully explained by diet alone

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Sophie Adenot Becomes First French Woman to Walk in Space

European Space Agency astronaut Sophie Adenot is set to conduct a 6.5-hour spacewalk outside the International Space Station, marking the first time a French woman has participated in an extravehicular activity

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China Resumes Rocket Launches After Long March 7A Failure

China's space program has returned to flight just days after a Long March 7A rocket failure, successfully launching two separate missions with the Long March 12 and Long March 2C vehicles to low Earth orbit

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Pentagon's UAP Data Releases Mark Shift in Official Transparency

Recent Pentagon releases of unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) files, supported by NASA and advisory experts, signal a new phase in government transparency and data sharing on unexplained aerial observations

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Blue Origin Expands Cape Canaveral Site for New Glenn 9x4 Rocket

Blue Origin is rebuilding its Cape Canaveral launch complex after a New Glenn rocket explosion, while also constructing a second pad and new facilities to support the larger New Glenn 9x4 variant still in development

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Artemis II Astronauts Reflect on Orion's Moon Mission and Next Steps

NASA's Artemis II crew discussed their 10-day lunar flyby, Orion spacecraft performance, and upcoming mission challenges at a public event in Colorado, highlighting both technical lessons and international collaboration

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China Unveils Detailed Lunar Map and New Geologic Timeline

Chinese researchers have released a new 1:5 million scale map of the Moon, updating lunar geologic eras and far side data using recent sample-return missions and reprocessed spectral analysis

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Cards Against Humanity Plans Monument Near SpaceX Starbase After Dispute

A legal dispute over land use near SpaceX's Starbase in Texas has led Cards Against Humanity to propose a public monument targeting Elon Musk, highlighting ongoing tensions between commercial space operations and local landowners

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NASA Invites India to Join Moon South Pole Base Collaboration

NASA has formally invited India to participate in developing a permanent lunar base near the Moon's south pole, marking a significant step in US-India deep-space cooperation and expanding the Artemis program's international partnerships

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SpaceX Rocket Impact on Moon Raises Safety Questions for Lunar Missions

A SpaceX Falcon 9 upper stage collided with the lunar surface near Einstein Crater, prompting new scrutiny of debris risks as lunar exploration and infrastructure expand

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NASA Facility in West Virginia Expands Role in Lunar Mission Safety

NASA's Katherine Johnson IV&V Facility in West Virginia is strengthening its technical workforce to support mission assurance and AI safety for upcoming lunar exploration, with new civil servants joining the agency's core engineering teams

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Astranis Unveils Perceptor Satellites to Track Activity in Geostationary Orbit

Astranis has announced the development of Perceptor satellites designed to monitor and analyze spacecraft movements in geostationary orbit, a region increasingly important for communications and national security

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Radiation Vest Tested on Artemis I May Aid Deep Space Astronaut Safety

A hydrogen-rich plastic vest tested aboard NASA's Artemis I mission has demonstrated significant shielding against solar radiation, offering a potential solution for astronaut protection on future lunar and Mars expeditions

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